`oIchym]mcnIÄ

_nj]v amÀ tPmk^v IÃd§m«v

`oIc{]hÀ¯\w Hcp A´ÀtZiob hnjbamWv. FÃm ]cnjvIrX kaql¯n\pw t\scbpÅ Gähpw henb `ojWnbpamWXv. tZiobhpw A´ÀtZiobhpamb kaql§Ä¡v AXp apdnhpWvSm¡p¶p. `oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v kmaqly, cmjv{Sob, km¼¯nI, kmwkvImcnI thcpIfpw _Ô§fpapWvSv. `oIc{]hÀ¯\w a\pjyPohsâ t\À¡pÅ ]qÀWamb ]pÑhpw a\pjyhÀK¯ns\Xncmb {]hÀ¯\hpamWv.

Ncn{Xw ]cntim[n¨mÂ, `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS Imcy¯n Hcp cmPy¯nsâbpw ]qÀhImeNcn{Xw A{X \njvIf¦aà F¶p a\knemIpw. \nÀtZmjnIfmb km[mcW¡mcmWv F¶pw `oIcXbv¡v CcbmIp¶Xv. A´ÀtZiob am\w kzoIcn¨ncn¡p¶ `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS ]cnlmc¯n\pw A´ÀtZiobXe¯nepÅ Iq«mb Nn´IÄ Xs¶ thWw. \oXnbnepw kam[m\¯nepw XpeyXbnepw A[njvTnXamb aqeyt_m[apÅ kaql§sf krjvSn¨psImWvSp am{Xta C¯cw s]cp¨mgnIsf \nÀamÀP\w sN¿m\mIq. DÅn a\pjyXzw \jvSs¸«hcmWv `oIc·mÀ. hÀ¯am\Ime¯nsâ Gähpw henb ZuÀ`mKyamWv `oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä. cmPyw Cu ImS¯¯nÂ\n¶p c£ t\SWw. a\pjyPoh\v kpc£nXXzanÃm¯ Øe¯v Pohn¡pI F¶Xv Gsd {]bmkIcamb H¶mWv. A£cmÀY¯n \mamcpw kpc£nXcÃ. Poh\pw kz¯pw \jvSs¸Sptam F¶ `bw Ft¸mgpw \s½ Ae«p¶p. `mcXobkwkvImcw A\izcaqey§Ä HgpInt¨À¶ [mÀanI\nÝb§fpsSbpw hnizmk§fpsSbpw Hcp ]m¡SemWv. B ]men tNÀ¡p¶ hnjamWv `oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä. kwkvImc \ntj[amWXv. Cu \mfpIfn P\PohnX¯n G¸n¨ `bm\Iamb apdnhpIÄ DW§n¯oÀ¶n«nÃ.

`oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS D]ÚmXm¡Ä `ojWns¸Sp¯pIbpw apdns¸Sp¯pIbpw sImÃpIbpw sN¿p¶p. P\§fn henb `bw P\n¸n¡p¶p. C¯c¡mÀ kXyam sW¶p IcpXp¶ Imcy§Ä A{Ia {]hÀ¯nIfneqsS {]mhÀ¯nIam¡p¶p. kZmNmc\ntj[amWv ChnsS \S¡p¶Xv.

hncp²Nn´IÄ a\kn sImWvSp\S¡p¶hcmWv `oIc{]hÀ¯IÀ. \oXn{`wi¯n Ipcp§n¡nS¡p¶ AhÀ AXp a\knem¡p¶nÃ. \½psS kwkvImcw acn¡mXncn¡Wsa¦n \nXm´amb Nn´mPm{KX ]peÀt¯WvSnbncn¡p¶p. hntZzj¯nÂ\n¶mWv `oIc{]hÀ¯\w P\n¡p¶Xv. {]XnImcw sN¿Wsa¶ Nn´bnÂ\n¶mWXv DÛhn¡p¶Xv. t{Zml_p²nbmWv AXnsâ CÔ\w.

IqSpX `ojWamb cq]¯n `oIc{]hÀ¯\w Ct¸mgpw cmPys¯ th«bmSpIbmWv. `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS CcIÄ \njvIf¦cmWv. `oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v \nbat¯mtSm A¨S¡t¯mtSm _lpam\anÃ. AhcpsS {]hÀ¯\ssien _e{]tbmKw am{XamWv. a\pjyÀ X½n AI¨bpw hn`P\hpw kwibhpw hntZzjhpw P\n¸n¡p¶p. \oXnbpsSbpw £abpsSbpw t]cn kwPmXambncp¶ kam[m\amWv ChnsS tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶Xv. \njvIf¦a\kpIÄ¡v kÀ¸km¶n[yw t]msebmWnXv. ]ckv]c _lpam\¯nsâ hc¼pIÄ NmSn¡bdpIbmWnhnsS. `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS tlmaIpWvT§fn AÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ PohnX§sf¡pdn¨v BcmWv Kuchambn Nn´n¡p¶Xv. `mcXs¯ hnIrXam¡nb F{Xtbm X«ns¡mWvSpt]mIepIfpw XS¦en ]mÀ¸n¡epIfpw ]oU\§fpw _em¡mc§fpw t_mw_v kvt^mS\§fpw NmthÀ B{IaW§fpw ssItbä§fpw _e{]tbmK§fpw shSnhbv]pIfpw sIme]mXI§fpw \½psS I¬ap¼n Act§dn. `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpsS Hcp ZoÀL]mc¼cyw \ap¡pÅXpt]mse tXm¶p¶p.

AkzØamb a\kpIfpsS amen\yw apgph³ C¯cw ]pgIfneqsSbmWv HgpIp¶Xv. kwkvImc]Izamb Hcp a\kn\pw CXv DÄs¡mÅm³ ]änÃ. Xn· {]hÀ¯n¨hsc¡pdn¨pÅ kvarXn AhcpsS arXn am{XamWv.

F´psImWvSmWv \½psS cmPy¯v C{]ImcapÅ {]hÀ¯\§Ä Act§dp¶Xv? Asæn F´mWv `oIc{]hÀ¯\¯nsâ ImcW§Ä? A\oXn, AanXm`nemj§Ä, kzmÀYXmXv]cy§Ä, ta[mhnXzw, km{amPyXzw, tkzÑm[n]Xyw, GIm[n]Xy `cWw, aXauenIhmZw XpS§n Ht«sd Imcy§Ä FSp¯pImWn¡m³ km[n¡pw. `oIc{]hÀ¯\w {]tXyI ¹m\nwKnÂ\n¶p hcp¶XmWv. AXnsâ ]n¶n amÌÀ ssa³Uv DWvSv. IrXyamb IW¡pIq«epIfpWvSv. A{]Xo£nXambn s]s«¶v kw`hn¡p¶ Hcp Imcyambn«v Ahsb ImWm\mhnÃ. B`y´c `ojWn DWÀ¯p¶ kz`mhapÅXmWv ChnsS Act§dnb ]e `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpw.

`oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä ]e Xe§fnepWvSv. (1) C¡tWmanIv sSddnkw þ h³InS cmjv{S§fpsS hyhkmb kwcw`§Ä sNdpInS hyhkmb{]Øm\§sf XInSw adn¡p¶pWvSv. sNdpInS hyhkmb§fpsS \ne\n¸pXs¶ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶p. (2) _u²nI sSddnkw þ kXyhpw kzmX{´yhpw \oXnbpw \ntj[n¨psImWvSpÅ {]t_m[\ssienbmWnXv. \ncoizc {]Øm\§fnseÃmw Cu {]iv\apWvSv. tkzÑm[n]Xy `cW{Ia§fneqsSbmWv CXv ]pd¯phcp¶Xv. \yq\]£mhImi \ntj[¯neqsS bYmÀYNcn{Xw Xncp¯nsbgpXns¡mWvSpw amänsbgpXns¡mWvSpw `cWLS\mhyhØIÄ \ntj[n¨psImWvSpw aX\ncmk¯neqsSbpw ]mT]pkvXI {]Xyb imkv{X¯neqsSbpw Ch ]pd¯p hcp¶p. (3) cmjv{Sob sSddnkw þ AXncphn« FÃm tkzÑm[n]Xy{]hWXIfpw C¡q«¯n hcpw. Ìmen\nkhpw lnävednkhpw Xmen_m\nkhpw Hs¡ CXn\v aXnbmb sXfnhpIfmWtÃm. CdmJv, A^vKm\nØm³ XpS§nb {]tZi§fnse AÂIzbvZm `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fpw ImjvaoÀ, ]m¡nØm³, {ioe¦³ {]iv\§fpsaÃmw cmjv{Sob A¨S¡¯nsâ i{Xp¡Ä am{XamWv. (4) dneoPnbkv sSddnkw þ aäp aXm\pbmbnIÄs¡Xntc \S¯p¶ {Iqcamb kao]\§Ä. Hmtcm a\pjyhyàn¡pw aXkzmX{´yw thWw. ssZhs¯ At\zjn¡m\pÅ kzmX{´yamWXv. aXkzmX{´y¯n\pÅ AhImiamWv FÃm a\pjymhImi§fpsSbpw lrZbw. cmjv{Sobm hImi§Ä¡v D]cn, ap³]n \n¡p¶ H¶t{X aXkzmX{´yhpw Bcm[\bv¡p Å AhImihpw. aXkzmX{´yw F¶p ]dbp¶Xv Hcp cmPy¯v cmjv{Sob kaqlt¯¡mÄ henb Hcp kaqlw DsWvS¶v hyàam¡p¶ ASnØm\]camb ImcyamWv. Hcp cmjv{Sob kaqlw aXkzmX{´ys¯ \ntj[n¡pt¼mÄ AXp asäÃm kzmX{´ys¯bpw \ntj[n¡pIbmWv. atXXcXzw BZcthmsS am\n¡s¸Sp¶nsæn {]XnkÔnIfpWvSmIpw. aäp aX§sf ]msS XÅn¡fªpsImWvSv kz´w aXs¯ am{Xw GI]£obambn GIkm[yXm aXambn IcpXp¶XmWv aXauenIhmZw. aXw Hcn¡epw AklnjvWphmIm³ ]mSnÃ. A\yaXhntcm[w Xn·bmWv. FÃm aX§fpw im´nbpw kam[m\hpw At\zjn¡p¶hcmWv. aXauenIhmZw aX¯nsâ {Iqchpw tLmchpamb ZpÀapJamWv. aXXo{hhmZw aX¯nsâ Zpcp]tbmKamWv. aXXo{hhmZw Nnet¸msgÃmw `oIc{]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v ImcWambn«pWvSv. icnbmb aXt_m[hpw ssZhhnNmchpw `oIc{]hÀ¯§Ä¡pÅ bYmÀY {]Xnhn[nbmsW¶v \mw Xncn¨dnbWw. Bbp[[mcnbmb `oIct\bpw \ncmbp[\mbn«pthWw t\cnSm³ F¶t{X bYmÀY aXw ]Tn¸n¡p¶Xv. ZoÀL\mft¯¡v A\oXn kmcansöp IcpXpIbpw AhImi§Ä \ntj[n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ `oIc{]hÀ¯IÀ Xes]m¡pw. (5) kmwkvImcnI sSddnkw þ Hcp kwkvImcw asäm¶ns\ Iogvs¸Sp¯pIbpw AhKWn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ AhØbmWnXv. `mjm]chpw hwiobhpamb ASnthcpIÄ CXn\pWvSv. hntZinItfmSpÅ AbpànI hntZzjhpw hntZinIsfbpw A]cnNnXscbpw ]msS shdp¡p¶ at\m`mhhpw hnthIiq\yamb cmPym`nam\hpw k¦pNnXamb hÀKkvt\lhpw CXnsâ ASnØm\Nn´IfmWv.

`oIc{]hÀ¯\¯nsâ [mÀanIX F´mWv? `oIc{]hÀ¯\w XnI¨pw A[mÀanIamb H¶t{X. Gähpw iàamb `mjbn `oIc{]hÀ¯\s¯ A]e]n¡pIbpw XÅn¸dbpIbpw thWw. a\pjyPoh\p t\scbpÅ ]qÀWamb AhKW\bpw ]pÑhpw Hcn¡epw IWvSnà F¶p hbv¡m³ ]mSnÃ. Hcp ImcWhimepw Poh³ \in¸n¡p¶ `oIc{]hÀ¯\w AwKoIcn¡m\mhnÃ. a\pjyalXz¯nsâ lrZb¯nemWv `oIcÀ apdnth¸n¡p¶Xv. kXyw F¶v Hcph³ IcpXp¶Xv `oIc{]hÀ¯\whgn aäpÅhcpsSta ASn t¨Â¸n¡p¶Xv a\pjyalXz¯ns\XncmWv. X·qew AXv ssZh¯n\psaXncmWv. \oXn¡pw kvt\l¯n\pw FXncmb `oIc{]hÀ¯\§tfmSv kotdm þ tSmfd³kv am{Xta BImhq. Gähpw ]cnip²hpw \ntj[n¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯Xpamb Hcp aqeyamWv a\pjyPoh³. Cu al¯mb \n[n kwc£n¡p¶nsæn kam[m\anÃ. `oIc{]hÀ¯\w Pohsâ \ntj[hpw \in¸n¡epamWv. kzbw {]Xntcm[n¡m³ tijnbnÃm¯htcmSmWv `oIcÀ ]et¸mgpw Gäpap«p¶Xv. FÃmw shdp¡s¸SpIbpw \in¸n¡s¸SpIbpw thWsa¶ `oIc^ntemk^n aqeyt_m[apÅ Hcph\pw k½Xn¡m\mhnÃ.

X§Ä hnizkn¡p¶ kXyhpw X§Ä A\p`hn¨ thZ\Ifpw \njvIf¦cpsS Poh³ \in¸n¡p¶Xpt]mepw \ymboIcn¡phm³ X¡h®w hne]nSn¸pÅXmsW¶ `oIchmZw BZÀihÔyX AÃmsX asäm¶paÃ. Nnet¸msgÃmw ssZhs¯ Iq«p]nSn¨pw `oIcÀ X§fpsS AhImihmZ§Ä D¶bn¡mdpWvSv. tPm¬t]mÄ amÀ]m¸m ]dbp¶p: "Hcph³ Xs¶¯s¶ `oIc³ F¶p ssZh\ma¯n ]dbp¶Xv ssZh\nµbpw ssZhZqjWhpamWv.' Hcp hyàn¡pw Hcp aX¯n\pw `oIc{]hÀ¯\w sImÅpIbnÃ. Hcp aXhpw AXv {]kwKn¡cpXv. FÃm aX§fpw {]kwKnt¡WvSXv `oIc{]hÀ¯\¯ns\Xncmbn«mbncn¡Ww. `oIc{]hÀ¯\w a\pjysc am{XaÃ, ssZhs¯bpw NqjWw sN¿p¶p. aX¯nsâbpw tZi¯nsâbpw ]In«v AXv sISp¯n¡fªp. kam[m\ambncn¡Ww {]kwKhnjbw. Fsâ aXs¯ c£n¡m³ Rm³ `oIc{]hÀ¯\§fneà GÀs¸tSWvSXv.